Structures in Metamorphic Rocks 3. through rocks • Minerals are chemically altered and may be completely replaced • Metamorphic or igneous source of fluids The sources of this hot fluid could be metamorphic (loss of waterfrom minerals) or igneous in source. This and further information about the browser plug-ins can be obtained by clicking on the icon below. metamorphism increases with time. Metamorphic rocks are igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks whose texture and composition has been changed by metamorphism. Metamorphic Rock Testing Lab: Drag the magnifying glass over the rock sample to get a close-up view. They systematically change their mineralogical composition as a result of tecto-thermal events. Metamorphism describes the changes a rock undergoes with changing P, T and composition (X). z. This is known as magma. Metamorphism •Rocks that have gone through metamorphism –less porous and more dense ROCKS & MINERALS NOTES name: KEY . 1 0 obj Metamorphic rocks form when the buried rock is changed under high temperature and pressure. x��Zmo�8� ���ņ_%z]����Ф]���],TDZ���\�n���73�d)�k�k�*2Mrf��ݺ�k6^��6>=�X�#�gE�3:b���������ӓV�>��fÜ={�j�y6��n��������ݨ�6O�Y>]�[�/sz5�nF�ϟ��u��٦m^,�|1ۼ���"�?��b ��LH6�E &�����Y�,���u�O��]�����6���I� �X�-�ru޽`QA�?�'Z�D3���2)�L��kB��Ol)��! Classification of Metamorphic Rocks 2. I. Ague, Jay J. II. Characteristics of Igneous Rocks Most igneous rocks are very hard Made of crystals Layering is not common in igneous rocks Metamorphic Rocks Sedimentary and igneous rocks can become buried deep in the Earth’s crust. Winter (2010) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. G�Ɣ�JR���(;K�Pf���^Ѣݖ% �V�wZc�ȷJ׻��#�E¡��eT���Z���s�8��/3%Wg"$�A������b�h��#Ym�`���� J�Uu���.zհ�\�x�xr���U(���B�5̞G/W��� ��ڷ��/�` wJ�^ Slate. Based on the mode of formation three major groups of rocks are defined: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. There are two main types of metamorphism. Igneous: Formed when magma or lava cools and hardens e.g. Igneous Rocks — solidified from magma and lava. h�b```f``����� ���� z. The original rock is subjected to heat with temperatures greater than 150 to 200°C and pressure around 1500 bars, … They are: ADVERTISEMENTS: (a) Foliated rocks: This group includes the rock that can split into […] Metamorphic Facies: All the rocks that have reached chemical equilibrium under a particular set of physical conditions. Pelitic Rocks Read Chapter 3 of An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology by Bruce Yardley or Chapter 28 of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology by John Winter. Ignis is the Latin word for fire. Metamorphism . stream Change is a result of pressure (directed stress) and heat •Solid state reaction •No net change in chemistry (ideally – role of groundwater) •Recrystallization of new minerals from old … Typical mineral changes that take place in metabasic rocks during progressive metamorphism in the medium P/T facies series. Introduction to Metamorphism Read Chapter 1 of An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology by Bruce Yardley or Chapters 22-23 of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology by John Winter or Chapter 16 of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology by Philpotts. pattern BANDS. cleavage: a foliation formed by platy minerals such as mica. Engineering Uses. 3. Rocks, Igneous. •Examples of sedimentary rocks include limestone, sandstone, … Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with NCERT notes on important topics for the UPSC civil services exam. Foliated – These have a planar foliation caused by the preferred orientation (alignment) of minerals and formed under differential stress. The outstanding feature of the 7th edition of this book is the large number of phase diagrams showing the stability relations among minerals and groups of minerals found in metamorphic rocks. Gneiss. •Sedimentary rocks cover the majority of the Earth’s rocky surface but only make up a small percentage of the Earth’s crust compared to metamorphic and igneous types of rocks. Brief notes on Igneous, Sedimentary , Metamorphic rocks. There are FOUR main processes involved: *these processes can take thousands to millions of years a. limestone, sandstone 3. Lm metamorphic rock fragments Ls sedimentary rock fragments 97. named after the type and size of pyroclasts . • Facies represent specific temperature - pressure regimes. FOLIATED Metamorphic Rocks Named mainly from their foliation type NAME FOLIATION TYPE – Slate Slaty texture (Phyllite) – Schist Schistocity – Gneiss Gneissic Texture 2. Finally, students may need their Earth Science Reference Tables [ESRT] for parts of the lesson (a document used widely in the New York State Earth Science Regents course) as well.] TEXTURE 1)FOLIATED a) Mineral Alignment: alignment of mineral crystals. 120 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj Prentice Hall. The preexisting rocks may be igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks. Other 6. %PDF-1.5 Metamorphic rocks make up the largest volume of the Earth. aspects, (aluminous, calcareous, mafic, felsic, etc.). ąAp�`��� �c`1] Grade of Metamorphism Metamorphic grade is a general term for describing the relative temperature and pressure conditions under which metamorphic rocks form. •Sedimentary rocks cover the majority of the Earth’s rocky surface but only make up a small percentage of the Earth’s crust compared to metamorphic and igneous types of rocks. Thus coarse grained metamorphic rocks involve long times of metamorphism. Rocks that undergo a change to form a new rock are referred to as metamorphic rocks. For simplistic reasons we will focus here in the introduction dominantly on changes in P and T. Why do we care? SEDIMENTARY ROCKS •Formed from igneous, metamorphic, or other sedimentary rocks. Earth’s Layering by Composition Depth Thick Layer 7-50km Crust Basalt (3.0) Diorite (2.7) 650km Upper mantle 700km Peridotite (3.3) 2900km 5100km <>>> Chapter 6: Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks NOTES (Can be accessed on notes section of website) 6.1 Formation of Sedimentary Rocks Main Idea: Sediments produced by weathering and erosion form sedimentary rocks through the process of lithification. Metamorphic rock may form from sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, and even other metamorphic rocks. Rocks are an aggregate of one or more minerals held together by chemical bonds. Stages of Metamorphism Foliated Rocks Slate Schist Gneiss “Gneiss” Stripes! Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. endobj These changes produce new minerals,new textures,and new structures with- in the rock body. Title. This article talks about the different kinds of rocks. • Look at several protoliths to determine facies. Metamorphic rocks form when the buried rock is changed under high temperature and pressure. less than 2 mm – ash . H EXAMPLE: SLOW Grain size? Download File PDF Sedimentary And Metamorphic Rocks Chapter 6 Answerspay for variant types and then type of the books to browse. The rock does not melt. 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